Effects of Inclusive Education Programme on Reading Performance Among Primary School Pupils in Niger State

Authors

  • Nalado Liman Nalado Department of Special Education, Niger State College of Education, Minna
  • Jummai Gimba Aminat Farid Centre for People with Special Needs. London Street, Minna, Niger State.
  • Mohammed Hajara Department of Special Education, Niger State College of Education, Minna
  • Zakariyah Ibrahim Department of Special Education, Niger State College of Education, Minna
  • Terlumun Iortyer Justina Inspectorate Department, Niger State Ministry of Basic Education, Minna

Keywords:

Inclusive Education, Academic Performance, Reading, Writing, Computation

Abstract

This study investigates the effects of inclusive education programmes on the academic performance of primary school pupils in the core areas of reading, writing, and computation and handwriting. three research questions and three hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. The Umolu informal reading inventory was adapted to measure literacy and a teacher made test to measure computation and handwriting proficiency. The study employed quasi-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design and. A sample of forty-five (45) primary four pupils were purposively selected, and pupils’ performance in literacy, numeracy proficiency was assessed over a period of eight (8) weeks. Findings using descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation for the research questions and inferential statistics of t-Test for the hypotheses revealed that inclusive education has a generally positive impact on academic outcomes on all the variables under observation, with pupils showing improved engagement and collaborative learning skills. The study concludes that while inclusive education can enhance academic performance, its effectiveness depends on adequate teacher training, resource availability, and ongoing support systems. Recommendations include strengthening teacher capacity and fostering adaptive teaching practices to meet diverse learning needs.

References

Adebisi, R. O., Liman, N. A., & Longpoe, P. K. (2016). Inclusive education and teacher preparation in Nigeria: Problems and prospects. Journal of Education and Practice, 7(10), 113–118.

Ainscow, M., & Miles, S. (2009). Developing inclusive education systems: How can we move policies forward? Prospects, 38, 289–304. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11125-008-9089-5

Allington, R. L. (2009). What really matters in response to intervention: Research-based designs. Allyn & Bacon.

Aro, M., & Wimmer, H. (2003). Learning to read: English in comparison to six more regular orthographies. Applied Psycholinguistics, 24(4), 621–635.

Ehindero, S. (2011). The challenges of inclusive education in Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Educational Research, 9(1), 12–20.

Eze, E. U., & Odo, L. I. (2015). Influence of inclusive education on the academic performance of children with mild cognitive disabilities in Enugu State. Nigerian Journal of Educational Research and Evaluation, 14(1), 1–10.

Florian, L., & Black-Hawkins, K. (2011). Exploring inclusive pedagogy. British Educational Research Journal, 37(5), 813–828. https://doi.org/10.1080/01411926.2010.501096

Hallahan, D. P., Kauffman, J. M., & Pullen, P. C. (2019). Exceptional learners: An introduction to special education (14th ed.). Pearson.

Hawkins, M.D. (2011). Dissolving the ego, realizing the self: Contemplation from the Teachings of David R. Hawkins. Amazons.co.za:books.

Vygotsky, L.S. (1978). Mind in Society: The development of higher psychological processes. (M. Cole, V. John-Steiner, S. Scribner, & E. Souberman, Eds. & trans.). Harvard University Press.

National Policy on Education. (2013). National policy on education (6th ed.). Nigerian Educational Research and Development Council (NERDC).

National Policy on Inclusive Education. (2017). National policy on inclusive education for Nigeria. Federal Ministry of Education.

Niger State Universal Basic Education Board. (2022). Annual education sector performance report. NSUBEB.

Obani, T. C. (2006). Special education and special needs: A handbook for teachers. Book Builders.

Okebukola, P. (2014). Inclusive education in Nigeria: Policy and practice. International Journal of Special Education, 29(3), 1–10.

Omede, A. A. (2015). Inclusive education in Nigeria: Issues, challenges and prospects. Journal of Education and Practice, 6(33), 93–97.

Oyetunde, T. O. (2009). Developing reading skills in Nigerian schools: Issues and strategies. Jos University Press.

Rasinski, T. V., Reutzel, D. R., Chard, D., & Linan-Thompson, S. (2011). Reading fluency. In M. L. Kamil, P. D.

Pearson, E. B. Moje, & P. P. Afflerbach (Eds.), Handbook of reading research (Vol. 4, pp. 286–319). Routledge.

Shabani, K., Khatib, M., & Ebadi, S. (2010). Vygotsky’s zone of proximal development: Instructional implications and teachers’ professional development. English Language Teaching, 3(4), 237–248.

UNESCO. (1994). The Salamanca statement and framework for action on special needs education. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.

UNESCO. (2020). Global education monitoring report 2020: Inclusion and education – All means all. https://en.unesco.org/gem-report/report/2020/inclusion

Ugwuegbulam, C. N., Okonkwo, C. A., & Ezeonwuka, C. I. (2018). Teachers’ challenges in implementing inclusive education in primary schools in Nigeria. African Journal of Special and Inclusive Education, 3(2), 1–10.

Universal Basic Education Act. (2004). Federal Republic of Nigeria official gazette. Government Press.

Downloads

Published

2025-10-31

How to Cite

Nalado, N. L., Aminat, J. G., Hajara, M., Ibrahim, Z., & Justina, T. I. (2025). Effects of Inclusive Education Programme on Reading Performance Among Primary School Pupils in Niger State. The Special Educator, 24(2), 116–125. Retrieved from https://tspeducator.com/index.php/TSE/article/view/99